Bald Eagle

Haliaeetus leucocephalus

Also called eagle.

Adults are unmistakable. Immatures are not, and they are what most reported golden eagles turn out to be — mottled brown and white, with the white in irregular blotches rather than clean areas.

Size
Goose or large raptor — 70–102 cm
Bill
Hooked
Where
water, coast, open field
Season
year round

What it looks like

Very large and dark brown with a white head and tail and a heavy yellow bill in adults. Immatures are mottled brown and white with a dark bill and take four to five years to reach adult plumage.

The checks that confirm it

  • Adult: clean white head and tail against a dark brown body, with a massive yellow bill.
  • Soars on flat wings, held like a plank.
  • Immature: blotchy brown and white, dark bill, and white showing in the wing linings.
  • Almost always near water.

Voice

A weak, high, stuttering chatter — nothing like the scream used for it in films, which is a red-tailed hawk.

Confused with

Golden eagle

Uniformly dark with a golden nape; young birds show clean white patches at the base of the tail and in the wing, not blotches.

Soars in a V and rocks; an eagle soars flat and steady.

Questions about this bird

How do you identify a bald eagle?

Adult: clean white head and tail against a dark brown body, with a massive yellow bill. Soars on flat wings, held like a plank.

What does a bald eagle sound like?

A weak, high, stuttering chatter — nothing like the scream used for it in films, which is a red-tailed hawk.