Brown Trout vs Brook Trout

The check that settles it

Brook trout has light markings on a dark background and white-edged lower fins.

Why this matters beyond curiosity

  • Look-alike species often carry different limits. Walleye and sauger, black and white crappie, pike and muskie, blue and channel catfish — each pair can have different sizes, seasons and daily limits in the same water.
  • Check it before the fish goes in the livewell. Most of the tests on this site take seconds and are far easier on a fish you are still holding.
  • If you cannot tell, release it. That is the answer that is never wrong, and it is the one a warden will not argue with.
  • Regulations are set by your state or province and change annually. This site identifies fish; it does not tell you the rules. Check the current regulations for the water you are on.

Brown Trout

Trout and char

Salmo trutta

Markings
spots
Body
torpedo
Typical size
0.58 lb
Regulations
Often subject to specific trout regulations and, in wild-trout streams, to gear restrictions and catch-and-release rules.

Brook Trout

Trout and char

Salvelinus fontinalis

Markings
worm tracks, spots, red orange belly
Body
torpedo
Typical size
0.23 lb
Regulations
Native brook trout populations are declining and many streams have protective limits, gear restrictions or full catch-and-release rules.

Confirming a brown trout

  • Red or orange spots with pale halos on the flank.
  • Few or no spots on the tail — the clearest separation from a rainbow.
  • Golden-brown or buttery ground colour.
  • Square-ish tail with little fork.

Confirming a brook trout

  • Pale worm-like vermiculations across a dark back — light markings on dark, the reverse of trout.
  • White leading edge on the pectoral, pelvic and anal fins, backed by a black line.
  • Red spots surrounded by blue halos.
  • Square tail, giving it the name squaretail.