Smallmouth Bass vs Spotted Bass

The check that settles it

Spotted bass has spot rows below the lateral line and a tongue tooth patch; smallmouth has neither.

Why this matters beyond curiosity

  • Look-alike species often carry different limits. Walleye and sauger, black and white crappie, pike and muskie, blue and channel catfish — each pair can have different sizes, seasons and daily limits in the same water.
  • Check it before the fish goes in the livewell. Most of the tests on this site take seconds and are far easier on a fish you are still holding.
  • If you cannot tell, release it. That is the answer that is never wrong, and it is the one a warden will not argue with.
  • Regulations are set by your state or province and change annually. This site identifies fish; it does not tell you the rules. Check the current regulations for the water you are on.

Smallmouth Bass

Black bass

Micropterus dolomieu

Markings
vertical bars
Body
torpedo
Typical size
15 lb
Regulations
Smallmouth frequently carry different limits from largemouth, and many rivers have catch-and-release or slot regulations specifically for them.

Spotted Bass

Black bass

Micropterus punctulatus

Markings
horizontal stripe, spots
Body
torpedo
Typical size
14 lb
Regulations
Many states count spotted bass separately or exclude them from black bass limits entirely, and some encourage removal where they compete with native smallmouth. Worth checking specifically.

Confirming a smallmouth bass

  • Upper jaw ends at or before the rear edge of the eye.
  • Dark vertical bars rather than a horizontal stripe.
  • Bronze or brown-gold cast, not green.
  • Dorsal fin continuous, only shallowly notched.
  • Red or orange eye in many populations.

Confirming a spotted bass

  • Rows of small dark spots below the lateral line — neither of the other black bass has these.
  • A rough patch of tiny teeth on the tongue. Run a finger over it; largemouth and smallmouth are smooth.
  • Upper jaw ends roughly level with the rear of the eye — between the other two.
  • Dorsal fin shallowly notched and continuous.